라라벨에서 일대다 다형 관계 구현하기: 포스트, 비디오, 코멘트 예시
라라벨에서는 일대다 다형 관계를 정의할 수 있습니다.
이는 하나의 모델이 여러 다른 모델과 관련이 있는 관계를 설정하는 데 사용됩니다.
다형 관계는 하나의 모델이 여러 모델과 관련이 있을 때 사용됩니다.
세 가지 모델 간의 다형 관계를 구현할 것이며,
포스트(Post) 모델, 비디오(Video) 모델, 그리고 코멘트(Comment) 모델을 사용합니다.
비디오(Video) 모델, 그리고 코멘트(Comment) 모델 생성
php artisan make:model Video -m;
php artisan make:model Comment -m;
database\migrations\2024_01_27_061434_create_videos_table.php
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('videos', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->string(column: 'title');
$table->string(column: 'url');
$table->text(column: 'description');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
database\migrations\2024_01_27_061457_create_comments_table.php
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->text(column: 'body');
$table->unsignedBigInteger(column: 'commentable_id');
$table->string(column: 'commentable_type');
$table->timestamps();
});
}
php artisan migrate;
모델 간의 관계를 설정
app\Models\Comment.php
------------------------------
class Comment extends Model
{
use HasFactory;
protected $fillable = ['body', 'commentable_id', 'commentable_type'];
public function commentable(): MorphTo
{
return $this->morphTo();
}
}
app\Models\Video.php
---------------------------
class Video extends Model
{
public function comments(): MorphMany
{
return $this->morphMany(related: Comment::class, name: 'commentable');
}
}
app\Models\Post.php
--------------------------
class Post extends Model
{
public function comments(): MorphMany
{
return $this->morphMany(related: comment::class, name: 'commentable');
}
}
php artisan Tinker;
---------------------
> $post = Post::find(5);
= App\Models\Post {#5963
id: 5,
user_id: 6,
title: "Enim facere quia eos suscipit.",
slug: "enim-facere-quia-eos-suscipit",
excerpt: "Sunt iusto asperiores ab id.",
description: "Et est omnis fugit beatae hic et.",
is_published: 0,
min_to_read: 5,
created_at: "2024-01-14 01:30:46",
updated_at: "2024-01-14 01:30:46",
}
> $comment = $post->comments()->create(['body'=>'This is a new comment.']);
= App\Models\Comment {#5940
body: "This is a new comment.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
id: 1,
}
> $comment = $post->comments()->create(['body'=>'This is a new comment 2.']);
= App\Models\Comment {#5960
body: "This is a new comment 2.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
id: 2,
}
> $post->comments;
= Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#6084
all: [
App\Models\Comment {#6086
id: 1,
body: "This is a new comment.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
},
App\Models\Comment {#6087
id: 2,
body: "This is a new comment 2.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
},
],
}
> foreach($post->comments as $comment) {
. echo $comment->body . '\n';
. }
This is a new comment.\nThis is a new comment 2.\n
> Video::create(['title' => ' 1', 'url' => 'i dont', 'description' => 'big fun']);
= App\Models\Video {#5986
title: "외계인1",
url: "i dont",
description: "big fun",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:09:14",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:09:14",
id: 1,
}
> $video = Video::find(1);
= App\Models\Video {#5956
id: 1,
title: "외계인1",
url: "i dont",
description: "big fun",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:09:14",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:09:14",
}
> $comment = $video->comments()->create(['body'=> 'This is a new Comment']);
= App\Models\Comment {#5988
body: "This is a new Comment",
commentable_id: 1,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Video",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
id: 3,
}
> $video->comments;
= Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#5963
all: [
App\Models\Comment {#5961
id: 3,
body: "This is a new Comment",
commentable_id: 1,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Video",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
},
],
}
> Comment::all();
= Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection {#5951
all: [
App\Models\Comment {#5953
id: 1,
body: "This is a new comment.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:01:35",
},
App\Models\Comment {#5954
id: 2,
body: "This is a new comment 2.",
commentable_id: 5,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Post",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:02:50",
},
App\Models\Comment {#5955
id: 3,
body: "This is a new Comment",
commentable_id: 1,
commentable_type: "App\Models\Video",
created_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
updated_at: "2024-01-27 07:13:42",
},
],
}